Cialis is a medication primarily used to treat erectile dysfunction (ED) and symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The active substance in Cialis is Tadalafil. Tadalafil is a phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitor, a class of drugs that enhances blood flow to specific areas of the body.

Indications:

1. Erectile Dysfunction (ED): Cialis is commonly prescribed for the treatment of ED, a condition characterized by the inability to achieve or maintain an erection sufficient for sexual activity.
2. Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH): Cialis is also approved for the treatment of symptoms associated with BPH, such as difficulty urinating, weak stream, and the need to urinate frequently.
3. Combined Therapy: In some cases, Cialis may be used for both ED and BPH when these conditions coexist.

How It Works:

Tadalafil, the active substance in Cialis, works by inhibiting the enzyme phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5). By doing so, it increases the levels of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), leading to relaxation of smooth muscle tissue and increased blood flow in the penis. This mechanism helps in achieving and maintaining an erection.

For BPH, Cialis relaxes the smooth muscles in the prostate and bladder, improving the flow of urine.

Dosage and Administration:

The dosage of Cialis varies depending on the specific indication and individual response. It is usually taken orally, with or without food, and as needed before anticipated sexual activity.

For daily use in the treatment of BPH, a lower dose is often prescribed.

Duration of Action:

Cialis is known for its long duration of action, often referred to as the “weekend pill” because its effects can last up to 36 hours.

Possible Side Effects:

Common side effects may include headache, indigestion, back pain, muscle aches, flushing, and stuffy or runny nose. Serious side effects are rare but can include changes in vision or hearing, prolonged erections, and allergic reactions.

Warnings and Precautions:

1. Cardiovascular Health: Individuals with heart problems should consult with a healthcare professional before using Cialis.
2. Interaction with Nitrates: Cialis should not be used concurrently with nitrates, as this combination can lead to a sudden and serious decrease in blood pressure.
3. Priapism: Seek immediate medical attention if an erection lasts longer than four hours.
4. Vision and Hearing Changes: Promptly report any changes in vision or hearing to a healthcare provider.
5. Alcohol and Grapefruit Juice: Limit the consumption of alcohol and grapefruit juice while using Cialis.

Cialis should be taken as prescribed by a healthcare professional, and any concerns or questions about its use should be discussed with a healthcare provider. It is important to note that Cialis is a prescription medication, and self-prescribing or obtaining it without proper medical guidance is not advisable.