1. Active Substance:
   • Mixtard-30 100IU contains the active ingredient human insulin, specifically insulin isophane. Human insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that regulates glucose metabolism in the body. Insulin isophane is an intermediate-acting insulin analogue.
2. Medical Uses:
   • Mixtard-30 100IU is a premixed insulin preparation used in the management of diabetes mellitus. It is indicated for the treatment of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes to help control blood sugar levels.
3. Mode of Action:
   • Insulin isophane works by lowering blood glucose levels through several mechanisms:
     • It facilitates the uptake of glucose into cells, particularly muscle and fat cells, where it is used for energy production or stored as glycogen.
     • It inhibits the production of glucose by the liver (gluconeogenesis) and reduces the release of glucose into the bloodstream.
     • It promotes the storage of excess glucose as glycogen in the liver and muscle cells.
     • It also inhibits the breakdown of stored glycogen (glycogenolysis) in the liver, further reducing blood glucose levels.
4. Dosage and Administration:
   • The dosage of Mixtard-30 100IU is determined by a healthcare professional based on factors such as the individual’s insulin requirements, diet, physical activity level, and blood glucose monitoring.
   • It is administered subcutaneously (under the skin) using insulin syringes or insulin pens. The injection site may vary, but common sites include the abdomen, thighs, or upper arms.
   • The timing and frequency of insulin injections are individualized based on the patient’s meal schedule, blood glucose levels, and insulin sensitivity.
5. Side Effects:
   • Common side effects of insulin therapy may include:
     • Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar)
     • Hypokalemia (low potassium levels)
     • Injection site reactions, such as pain, redness, or swelling
     • Weight gain
     • Allergic reactions, although rare
6. Precautions:
   • Before using Mixtard-30 100IU, individuals should inform their healthcare provider about any existing medical conditions, especially kidney or liver problems, and any medications they are currently taking.
   • Patients should be educated about the signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia and how to treat it promptly, including carrying a fast-acting source of glucose (e.g., glucose tablets, juice, or candy) at all times.
7. Prescription Required:
   • Yes, Mixtard-30 100IU is a prescription medication, and its use should be guided by a healthcare professional’s prescription.
8. Note:
   • Mixtard-30 100IU is a premixed insulin preparation containing a fixed ratio of short-acting and intermediate-acting insulin. It is designed to provide both basal (background) and prandial (mealtime) insulin coverage throughout the day.
   • Patients using Mixtard-30 100IU should adhere to their prescribed insulin regimen, monitor their blood glucose levels regularly, and follow a comprehensive diabetes management plan that includes diet, exercise, and medication adherence.

It’s essential for individuals with diabetes to work closely with their healthcare provider to determine the most appropriate insulin regimen for their needs and to receive regular monitoring and support for optimal blood sugar control.