Tivicay, containing the active ingredient Dolutegravir, is a medication used in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. It belongs to a class of drugs known as integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs), which work by blocking the action of the enzyme integrase, thus preventing the integration of viral DNA into the DNA of infected cells. Here is a detailed description:

1. Active Ingredient:

• Dolutegravir: Dolutegravir is an antiretroviral medication that inhibits the integrase enzyme of HIV, thereby blocking the integration of viral DNA into the DNA of host immune cells and preventing the replication of the virus.

2. Indications:

• HIV Infection: Tivicay is indicated for the treatment of HIV-1 infection in adults and pediatric patients weighing at least 30 kg, either as a first-line treatment regimen or as part of combination therapy with other antiretroviral medications.

3. Dosage:

• Tivicay is available in tablet form, with each tablet containing 50 mg of Dolutegravir.
• The recommended dosage for adults and pediatric patients weighing at least 30 kg is typically one tablet (50 mg) taken orally once daily, with or without food.

4. Administration:

• Tablets should be swallowed whole with water and can be taken with or without food.
• It is important to take Tivicay regularly and at the same time each day to maintain therapeutic levels of the medication in the body.

5. Effectiveness:

• Dolutegravir has been shown to be highly effective in suppressing HIV viral load and improving immune function when used as part of combination antiretroviral therapy.

6. Safety Profile:

• Common side effects of Tivicay may include headache, insomnia, nausea, diarrhea, and fatigue.
• Serious side effects, although rare, may include hypersensitivity reactions, liver toxicity, and changes in liver enzymes.

7. Contraindications:

• Tivicay is generally contraindicated in individuals with a known hypersensitivity to Dolutegravir or any of the components of the medication.
• It should not be used in combination with certain medications that may interact with Dolutegravir, such as dofetilide.

8. Precautions:

• Tivicay should be used with caution in patients with pre-existing liver or kidney disease, as well as those with a history of psychiatric disorders.
• Pregnant individuals should consult with their healthcare provider before taking Tivicay, as the safety of Dolutegravir during pregnancy has not been fully established.

9. Follow-Up Care:

• Patients receiving Tivicay will likely undergo regular follow-up visits with their healthcare provider to monitor treatment response, assess HIV viral load and CD4 cell count, and manage any side effects.

Tivicay (Dolutegravir) is an important component of antiretroviral therapy for the treatment of HIV infection, offering a potent and well-tolerated option for both treatment-naive and treatment-experienced patients. Treatment decisions should be made in consultation with a qualified healthcare professional, taking into account the individual patient’s health status, treatment history, and treatment goals.